PACD Engineering Assistance

PACD Engineering Technical Assistance
July 2001 to December 2003
PADEP Growing Greener Grant Final Report

AGRICULTURE …

AMD …

STREAM RESTORATION …

Introduction

In 2001, the Pennsylvania Association of Conservation Districts received a technical assistance grant to provide statewide engineering technical assistance for the Pennsylvania Department of Environment Protection's Growing Greener program. The grant was awarded to establish 4 PACD technical centers to service each quarter of the state as defined by the work areas of the Natural Resource Conservation Service technical centers. The PACD staff works under the technical direction of the NRCS area engineer for each of the regions and are located in the same offices as the NRCS technical centers.

The technical assistance process starts with a qualified applicant submitting an application form that is readily available at the PACD website www.pacd.org. Qualified applicants are watershed organizations, county conservation districts, non-profit organizations, counties, municipalities, and their subdivisions and educational institutions. Upon receipt of a new request, PACD staff reviews the application and notifies (via Email) the DEP Growing Greener technical assistance supervisor, DEP watershed managers, DEP mining district (if applicable), county watershed specialist, and NRCS district conservationist to determine eligibility and reduce possible work redundancies. If the project is deemed eligible it is entered on the agenda for the workload advisory team.

The workload advisory team consists of NRCS, DEP, RC&D, and county conservation district staff and meets quarterly or as needed to review and rank projects. Projects are ranked based on a set of criteria either high, medium, or low priority. Applicants are notified of the project ranking and the projects are then worked on in the appropriate order.

Program Benefits

The response to the engineering technical assistance program has been very positive. Local conservation organizations have taken full advantage of the service and have kept PACD staff very busy. We have noticed some very positive program benefits which demonstrate the need for the continued funding of PACD technical assistance. Some of the more notable program benefits are:

NRCS Standards are Met - Every project that is completed is checked for compliance with NRCS standards and specifications.

Team Building and Partnering - Individuals from various local organizations come together with PACD to form a team that can often accomplish much more than any individual. The relationships we are building with local conservation organizations will ensure many successful future projects. Many of the projects that are currently funded would benefit by having the PACD staff that assisted with preliminary design work follow the project through to completion.

Increased Capacity at the Local Level - The availability of PACD technical assistance allows local personnel to focus on other items, increasing the amount of work and number of projects that can be completed. PACD trainings have also helped increase the knowledge base of many local conservation groups so that they may have a broader understanding of conservation practices and design elements.

Quick Turnover of Work - PACD staff can respond to unforeseen situations and provide technical assistance on a very short timeframe and make themselves very available to local conservation groups who urgently need technical assistance.

Attention to Detail and Follow Up - Once a project is released to a sponsor, PACD staff makes every effort to ensure that the project will be properly constructed, monitored, operated, and maintained.

Utilization of Sponsor Assets - PACD staff makes an effort to use adequately trained local staff whenever possible. If a local sponsor has surveying knowledge, we invite him to participate in the topographic survey. This allows PACD to do more and gets local personnel actively involved in their project planning which enhances their understanding and satisfaction when the project is completed.

Small Projects get Same Attention as Large Projects - Since all projects are planned to meet NRCS specifications, small projects get a level of attention that may not be available elsewhere. This helps keep small projects from becoming big headaches.

Specialized Knowledge and Experience - PACD staff has developed a large amount of specialized technical knowledge over the grant period that can be put to use to benefit future projects. Much of the knowledge gained by PACD staff during the grant period is uncommon to traditional engineering disciplines.

In Case "Something Comes Up" - Providing technical assistance ensures that when a circumstance arises that was initially unforeseen, the obstacle can be overcome and the project still successfully completed. There have been many projects in the past two and one half years that would not have been able to be completed were it not for PACD technical assistance.

Components of Work Performed

There are eight types of assistance provided through the PACD engineering assistance program. These eight components are:

Inventory and Evaluation - Inventory and evaluations (I&E) involve the investigation of a potential problem and the recommended improvements. The typical procedure involves a site visit, photographs, and report preparation which usually contains a narrative, sketch plan and cost estimates. I&E reports are prepared for most projects and act to put all project stakeholders on the same page with regard to how the final design will function and the cost. The report is presented to the stakeholders to determine modification of the report and the suitability of the project for future action. The I&E phase is critical to the success of the project and reduces the number of redesigns performed by PACD staff. It is also an excellent place to start for preparing a new grant application.

Topographic Survey - Topographic surveys are performed to establish the base mapping for a proposed project and ground control for construction. Property boundary surveys are not being performed as they must be performed by a licensed professional surveyor. PACD staff is equipped with total stations and data collectors to conduct surveys at the regional technical centers. PACD has made an effort to use qualified sponsor staff whenever possible to complete topographic surveys.

Soils Investigation - Soil investigations involve the mobilization of excavation equipment to dig test pits in key design locations to determine unknown subsurface conditions. Typical key features identified are the presence of groundwater, bedrock, and existing soil types. Test pits are excavated to a depth of 2' below the lowest elevation of a proposed structure. Identified soil types are checked for suitable strength, bearing capacity, and permeability. Soils investigations are performed for agricultural waste facilities filter areas, AMD ponds, or any other project where unknown soil conditions could present a problem.

Design and Specifications - Designs and specifications are prepared only after sufficient preliminary work has been done and all stakeholders agree on the proposed approach to eliminate recreation of detailed designs. Designs involve the creation of detailed AutoCAD drawings, specifications, quantities, cost estimates, and calculations. All design work is prepared using Section IV of the PA Technical Guide or the NRCS National Engineering Handbook's federal specifications and are checked and approved by the NRCS area engineer. PACD staff strives to collaborate with all available local expertise and technical personnel to create the most beneficial and cost effective project possible.

Construction Quality Assurance - Before a final design is approved, a quality assurance plan is prepared by PACD staff and becomes part of the finished product. Implementation of the quality assurance plan may be provided by PACD staff or through the education of qualified personnel at the local office. PACD is typically involved with pre-bid meetings, pre-construction meetings, answering contractor questions, resolving conflicts in the field, and on-site spot checks during construction. Site layout and as-built drawings may also be provided as part of the construction quality assurance process.

Technical Reviews - PACD also provides technical review of work performed by others. Technical reviews can help local consultants and personnel evaluate proposed alternatives or add value to projects through innovative design. Technical reviews are performed with an emphasis on meeting the requirements of the NRCS technical guide for conservation practices.

Training - Training can be provided to any qualified applicant for any of the technical areas PACD performs work. Training may also be provided for the operation and maintenance of a specific project or on innovative design or construction techniques developed by PACD staff. In the past, PACD has provided training for the operation of AMD facilities, agricultural BMP design, survey, and AutoCAD use. Training can be a useful tool for increasing capacity and education at the local level.

Watershed Assessment - Assistance can be provided for eligible sponsors developing a watershed assessment or restoration plan. This may involve identifying problems and solutions within a watershed or help developing methodologies for sampling and study of a watershed. An example of watershed assessment assistance would be painting bridge gauges on large watersheds to allow the collection of flow data during times when no other method would be appropriate.

PACD Statewide Technical Assistance

Since July of 2001, PACD has provided technical assistance to hundreds of local organizations and individuals. Statewide, PACD has completed 134 individual projects. It is estimated that PACD technical assistance has been involved with 7.2 million dollars worth of environmental improvements during the past two and one half years. A breakdown of the work performed for agriculture, abandoned mine drainage, stream corridor restoration, etc. is as follows:

The workload in each of the regions has been very steady and is reflective of the resource problems in each of the PACD regional work areas. A breakdown of the completed projects in each PACD technical center area is as follows:

       

Components of Completed Projects

Although a project may only have one or two components, the vast majority of projects contain 3 or more components. Of the 134 projects completed by PACD staff, 467 individual project components have been completed. These figures lead us to an average of 3.5 components per project. A breakdown of the completed components is as follows:

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PACD Northwest (Clarion)

Staff: Matthew Rogers, Conservation Engineering Specialist
Justin Griebel, Conservation Technician

Location: NRCS Technical Center, Clarion PA

Case Study - North Creek Watershed Restoration Project, Cameron County Conservation District, Cameron County, Pennsylvania

The North Creek Watershed Restoration Project has treated a compilation of erosion and sedimentation problems along approximately eight miles of the affected portion of the stream by being divided into eight different sites. North Creek, a sub-watershed of the Driftwood Branch of the Sinnemahoning is a High-Quality Cold Water Fishery stream located along SR-46, with a total drainage at the mouth of 18.8 sq. miles. The entire stream was assessed by Janet Frank, a VISTA Watershed Technician/Watershed Specialist and eight priority sites had been located to be the greatest cause of pollution to the stocked trout stream.

Photographs Taken Prior to Construction

Construction occurred during low flow (October and November) to cause the least amount of disturbance to the water and aquatic population. Tree plantings are being provided by the Chesapeake Bay Foundation, and will be planted at the appropriate times by volunteers. PACD provided engineering assistance and supplied Cameron County with design and specifications, construction quality assurance, and training. PACD was a vital part of the project because every dollar saved on engineering costs was put towards construction. Some of the natural stream designs include native stone rip rap, root wad systems, and riparian buffers. The funding for the project was provided from a Growing Greener grant in the amount of $58,574. Other cooperating agencies involved are: PA Fish and Boat Commission, Shippen Township and the Cameron County Commissioners, along with the local stakeholders along the affected portion of the stream.

Photos Taken During Construction

The ultimate goal was to greatly reduce the sediment that enters the stream, stop the loss of private land being eroded into the stream, and thus improve the water quality and habitat and preserve the North Creek Watershed for our future generations.

PACD Northwest (Clarion) Project Listing

The following list contains projects completed between July 2001 and December 2003 by the PACD Clarion Technical Assistance office. Smaller components or partially completed projects have been omitted from the list.

Stub Simpson ALD - Jefferson County - Abandoned mine drainage collection and treatment facility.

Conifer Mine Reclamation - Jefferson County - 15 acre mine reclamation project.

Depp - Jefferson County - Relocation of eroding stream threatening mass property damage.

North Creek - Cameron County - Eight separate Stream Restoration sites.

Rockview SCI - Centre County - Passive wetland treatment system.

Hunting and Fishing Museum - Forest County - Handicapped accessible walkways and trails.

Craig Torrey Farm -Potter County-Heavy use areas and feedlots.

Easton Farm Project 1 - Potter County - Heavy use areas, barnyard runoff collection and waste transfer system.

Easton Farm Project 2 - Potter County - Storm water management.

Erway Farm - Potter County - Heavy use areas, barnyard runoff collection and waste transfer system.

Hoffman Farm - Potter County -Heavy use areas, barnyard runoff collection, and waste transfer system with filter field.

Thomas Farm - Potter County - Cattle walkways, storm water management with detention basin.

Kenyon Farm - Potter County - Heavy use areas, barnyard runoff collection, milk house waste water collection, waste transfer system with filter field.

Thompson Farm - Lawrence County - Heavy use areas, storm water management, milk house waste water collection, waste transfer system with manure storage facility.

Indian Run Farm - Lawrence County - Heavy use areas, storm water management, milk house waste water collection, waste transfer system with filter field.

Flick Farm - Centre County - Roofed heavy use area and storm water management.

Rorabaugh Farm - Clearfield County - Heavy use area and storm water management.

Young Farm - Clearfield County - Storm water management.

Trusdail Farm - Erie County - Spring development and livestock watering facility.

Curtis Farm - Erie County - Heavy use area and storm water management.

PACD Southwest (Somerset)

Staff: Eric Robertson, PE, Conservation Engineer
Phil Gardner, Conservation Technician

Location: NRCS Technical Center, Somerset PA

Case Study - Lower Saxman Discharge, Saint Vincent College, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania

The Lower Saxman Discharge is a 1,600 gallons per minute (GPM) discharge located in Derry Township directly adjacent to the Latrobe Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant. The mine water had a high ferrous, low ferric, low aluminum, low dissolved oxygen profile. The discharge itself surfaced at the base on an 80' high, near vertical railroad embankment directly into Saxman Run.

Saint Vincent College in cooperation with Dietz et al. Consulting, Derry Township, the Loyalhanna Watershed Association, the Loyalhanna Creek Mine Drainage Coalition, NRCS, and Hedin Environmental received a Growing Greener Grant in the amount of $220,000 to construct an experimental treatment system pilot project using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) traditionally used in wastewater treatment. The SBR would be adapted for mine drainage treatment based on certain fundamental principals.

Photos Taken Before Construction

The overall project plan was to take 100 GMP of mine water through an anoxic limestone drain (ALD) to boost alkalinity prior to treatment. It had been estimated that due to the low ferric iron, aluminum, and dissolved oxygen concentrations, an ALD would not clog during operation. The water would then enter the SBR where oxidized iron could precipitate and be collected. The SBR has several chambers the first of which holds pre-treated mine water, the latter chambers are settling chambers in which treated water is siphoned off the top and precipitated iron sludge settles to the bottom.

The mine water had to first be captured in an innovative system due to the extreme site constraints and valved to either the stream or across PennDOT truck route 982 to open land within the Latrobe Municipal Authority wastewater treatment plant. The collection system had to be devised such that all of the water could go either direction. On the treatment side of the road, an ALD was constructed along with a system that could deliver both raw and pretreated water to the SBR.

The capture system involved a combination of pipe, reinforced concrete, and a geosynthetic clay liner. The conveyance and treatment system consisted of a series of valves, PVC pipe, limestone, water control structures and wet wells to accomplish the design objectives of the project. The project was severely complicated by the topography of the discharge, complexity of the plumbing system, future considerations, dissolved oxygen constraints, the crossing of a major truck route in an urban environment, and the impending short grant and scholastic timeframes.

Photos Taken After Construction

Because no funding for design of the collection, conveyance, and pre-treatment had been accounted for in the grant, PACD engineering technical assistance was essential to this project. PACD was also able to perform the work on a compressed time schedule while adding value engineering to complete construction within the grant budget. If the Latrobe Municipal Authority abandons the property, the existing treatment facility could be constructed there without further collection and conveyance modifications. It is hopeful that the results of this pilot project will add a new weapon in the AMD treatment arsenal for mine water with similar characteristics.

PACD Southwest (Somerset) Project Listing

The following list contains projects completed between July 2001 and December 2003 by the PACD Somerset Technical Assistance office. Smaller components or partially completed projects have been omitted from the list.

Shingle Run ALD - Somerset County - Collection, conveyance and treatment facility for a naturally acidic mountain stream.

Fairview Elementary - Beaver County - Erosion control improvements to protect an outdoor classroom wetland.

Site D - Somerset County - Construction quality assurance for a retrofitted flush system on an AMD passive treatment facility.

Bayle Farm - Westmoreland County - Stream crossings, animal walkways, riparian plantings, fencing, and heavy use area.

Crooked Creek - Armstrong County - Stream corridor restoration using soft engineering in a park setting.

Derr Farm - Fayette County - Agricultural and milk-house waste storage facility.

Lenz Farm - Westmoreland County - Stream crossings, animal walkways, riparian plantings, fencing, and heavy use area.

Roaring Run - Armstrong County - Inventory and evaluation of vast abandoned mine drainage and recreation site adjacent to the Kiski River.

Miller Farm - Somerset County - Agricultural waste storage facility in the location of an existing failing earthen structure.

Whitsett Redevelopment - Fayette County - Surface water management.

Krug Farm - Cambria County - Agricultural and milk-house waste storage facility.

Hoover Farm - Cambria County - Agricultural and milk-house waste storage facility.

Bull Run - Westmoreland County - Stream corridor restoration for 3 urban sites using NSCR principals.

Loraine Refuse - Cambria County - Stream relocation and AMD passive treatment.

Ishman Farm - Armstrong County - Critical area planting, fencing, rock waterway, grass waterway, stream crossings and subsurface drainage.

Kepple Farm - Armstrong County - Concrete heavy use area.

Morrison Farm - Armstrong County - Stream crossings, filter area, and heavy use area.

Isenberg Farm - Indiana County - Roofed heavy use area.

Bracken Farm - Indiana County - Roofed heavy use area.
Lower Saxman Discharge - Westmoreland County - Collection, conveyance, and treatment for pilot AMD treatment plant.

Logan Farm - Westmoreland County - Heavy use area.

Sugar Camp - Westmoreland County - Stream corridor restoration.

Shade Skating Pond - Somerset County - Passive AMD treatment in an existing recreational area.

Mill Run - Fayette County - Stream corridor restoration.

Hoffer Farm - Westmoreland County - Stream crossings, heavy use area, spring development, watering system, animal walkways, diversions and piping.

PACD Southeast (Lebanon)

Staff: Karyln Haas, Conservation Technician
Frank Harvatine, Conservation Technician

Location: NRCS Technical Center, Lebanon PA

Case Study - Dean and Miriam Patches Farm, Lebanon County Conservation District, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania

The Lebanon County Conservation District received a Growing Greener Grant to implement Agricultural Best Management Practices (BMPs) at the Dean and Miriam Patches Farm. Existing problems at the farm included concern of the integrity of the clay lining on the existing manure storage due to erosion of the clay lining from the agitation equipment, uncontrolled runoff at the lower barnyard, and silage leachate behind the barn.

Photos Taken Before Construction

Many best management practices were implemented on the farm including the placement of concrete in the existing earthen manure storage, stabilization of the barnyard by using a concrete floor, curbing to direct runoff from the barnyard to the collection basin, concreted walls for a stack pad to temporarily hold manure, collection basin to collect the barnyard runoff and silage leachate which is then pumped to the manure storage, and installation of drop boxes for stormwater runoff and roof water to keep the "clean" water clean and out of the barnyard.

Photos Taken During Construction

PACD completed the survey, design and specifications, soils investigations, and construction quality assurance for the project. Our contributions were essential components in helping the farmer implement BMPs at his farm for water quality purposes. The use of PACD engineering assistance allowed the Conservation District's grant money to be spent on BMPs rather than engineering costs.

This project will be completed by December 2003. Currently, the fence and signs are not up around the manure storage and parts of the barnyard but the farmer has a contractor scheduled.

PACD Southeast (Lebanon) Project Listing

The following list contains projects completed between July 2001 and December 2003 by the PACD Lebanon Technical Assistance office. Smaller components or partially completed projects have been omitted from the list.

Waggner Farm - Cumberland County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, diversion, and roof water control.

Weller Farm - Cumberland County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, waste transfer, and roof water control.

Stambaugh Farm - Cumberland County - Barnyard stabilization, waste transfer, grass filter, and roof water control.

Hallowell Farm - Bucks County - Manure storage, waste transfer, silage leachate, and roof water control.

Breicker Farm - Franklin County - Barnyard stabilization, waste transfer, grass filter, and roof water control.

Yoder Farm - Franklin County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, waste transfer, grass filter and roof water control.

Mann Family Partnership - Lancaster County - Stream corridor restoration.

Martin Farm - Lebanon County - Composter.

Angle Farm - Franklin County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, and roof water control.

Reese Farm - Franklin County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, and roof water control.

Barkman Farm - Franklin County - Barnyard stabilization and grass filter.

Newswanger Farm - Cumberland County - Barnyard stabilization.

Wickard Farm - Cumberland County - Barnyard stabilization and roof with stormwater control.

Clepper Farm - Cumberland County - Manure Storage and stream crossings.

Deitch Farm - Cumberland County - Barnyard stabilization and grass filter.

Hale Farm - Cumberland County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, waste transfer and roof water control.

Stover Farm - Cumberland County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, grass filter, and roof water control.

Mains Farm - Cumberland County - Barnyard stabilization.

Proctor Farm - Cumberland County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, and roof water control.

Adler Farm - Cumberland County - Barnyard stabilization.

Weidman Farm - Cumberland County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, waste transfer and diversion.

Kemmerer Farm - Cumberland County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, waste transfer and diversion.

Schertel Farm - Lehigh County - Watering system.

Nolt Farm - Cumberland County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, waste transfer and roof water controls.

Halteman Farm - Franklin County - Manure storage and waste transfer.

Musser Farm - Franklin County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, waste transfer, grass filter and roof water control.

Raising Kane Farm - Franklin County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, diversion and roof water control.

Hess Farm - Franklin County - Barnyard stabilization and roof water control.

Good Farm - Adams County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, and roof water control.

Workman Farm - Adams County - Manure storage.

Rebuck Farm - Franklin County - Manure storage, grass filter, and streambank fencing.

Huntzberger Farm - Berks County - Barnyard stabilization, diversion, and basin.

Sunday Farm - Berks County - Streambank fencing and stream crossing.

Geisinger Farm - Berks County - Barnyard stabilization, streambank fencing, roof and stream crossing.

Sebastian Riding Association - Montgomery County - Manure storage, diversion, and roof water controls.

Probst Farm - Lebanon County - Composter.

Beatty Farm - Cumberland County - Barnyard stabilization and waste transfer.

Hufcut Farm - Franklin County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, waste transfer and roof water control.

Bricker Farm - Franklin County - Barnyard stabilization, waste transfer, grass filter and roof water control.

Strobel Farm - Lehigh County - Watering system.

Patches Farm - Lebanon County - Barnyard stabilization, waste transfer, and roof water control.

Reife Farm - Cumberland County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, waste transfer, grass filter and roof water control.

Shurart Farm - Cumberland County - Barnyard stabilization, grass filter, and silage leachate control.

Thrash Farm - Cumberland County - Manure storage, barnyard stabilization, waste transfer and roof water control.

Goetz Farm - Franklin County - Grass filter.

Bolton Farm - Berks County - Watering system.

PACD Northeast (Bloomsburg)

Staff: John Coleman, Conservation Engineering Specialist
Owen Hess, Conservation Technician

Location: NRCS Technical Center, Bloomsburg PA

Case Study - Audenreid Tunnel Discharge, Catawissa Creek Restoration Association, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania

This project has not been completed but the magnitude of the future environmental impact of this effort and PACD's ongoing involvement to support this endeavor makes it the most noteworthy project of the northeast PACD engineering assistance staff to date.

The Audenreid Tunnel is an acid mine drainage source located within the headwaters of the 152 square mile Catawissa Creek watershed. This discharge contributes approximately 80 percent of the acid mine drainage that enters the main branch of the Catawissa Creek. The Audenreid Tunnel discharge has an average flow of 8,000 gallons per minute with an acidic pH ranging from 3.8 to 4.2. There is also a notable aluminum content that contributes to the toxic characteristics of the discharge.

The Catawissa Creek Restoration Association (CCRA) has been very successful in restoring other regions of the watershed such as Tomhicken Creek. The Oneida Tunnel #1 discharge located in this sub-watershed has acidic water quality characteristics similar to those of the Audenreid Tunnel discharge. A passive treatment system that is currently treating the Oneida #1 Tunnel discharge is so successful that trout exist in the polishing pond of the facility. Applying this technology through a properly designed treatment system would produce similar environmental enhancement on the main branch of the Catawissa Creek.

        

Photos of the Discharge

A preliminary water quality and treatment feasibility study was performed on the Audenreid Tunnel discharge by Hedin Environmental. The conceptual design is based on the Hedin Environmental input and ground survey data collected at the proposed project site. An integrated analysis of the topographic information and water chemistry data supports the proposal that this discharge can be successfully addressed through the application of current acid mine drainage treatment technologies. A passive limestone treatment system would be the most effective technique for alleviating the undesirable characteristics of the discharge water. The topographic data indicates that the grade of the site can provide a hydraulic profile that would sustain effective treatment and minimize operation and maintenance concerns.

Addressing this AMD source will restore the water quality of approximately thirty-eight miles of the Catawissa Creek to the point where it would be able to sustain aquatic life. The Catawissa Creek watershed is otherwise unimpaired and to revive the stream to its natural state would be a highly notable environmental achievement.

The concept design prepared by the PACD engineering staff was the basis for a growing greener grant application that was approved for funding in the amount of $1,419, 910. A project timeline has been developed and a detailed design of the treatment system has been initiated.

Site Constraints

PACD Northeast (Bloomsburg) Project Listing

The following list contains projects completed between July 2001 and December 2003 by the PACD Bloomsburg Technical Assistance office. Smaller components or partially completed projects have been omitted from the list.

Blum Farm - Wayne County - Heavy use area, grassed waterway, fencing, filter area, diversion, roof runoff control, underground outlet, critical seeding, spring development, access road and subsurface drainage.

Adams Farm - Wayne County - Heavy use area, access road, fencing, filter area and critical seeding.

Pryzant Farm - Wayne County - Heavy use area, waste storage facility, roofed structure, culvert, grassed waterway, fencing, diversion, roof runoff control, underground outlet, subsurface drainage and critical seeding.

Kerber Farm - Wayne County - Heavy use area, grassed waterway, fencing, filter area, diversion, roof runoff control, underground outlet, critical seeding, spring development, access road and subsurface drainage.

LaTourette Farm - Wayne County - Heavy use area, grassed waterway, fencing, filter area, diversion, roof runoff control, underground outlet, critical seeding, access road and subsurface drainage.

Smith Farm - Wayne County - Heavy use area, grassed waterway, fencing, filter area, diversion, roof runoff control, underground outlet, critical seeding, access road and subsurface drainage.

Meyers Farm -Wayne County - Heavy use area, culvert, grassed waterway, fencing, filter area, diversion, roof runoff control, underground outlet, access road, subsurface drainage and critical seeding.

Rutledge Farm - Wayne County - Heavy use area, grassed waterway, fencing, filter area, roof runoff control, access road, underground outlet, critical seeding and subsurface drainage.

Dean Farm - Wayne County - Heavy use area, waste storage facility, culvert, grassed waterway, fencing, filter area, roof runoff control, access road, underground outlet and critical seeding

Gries Farm - Wayne County - Heavy use area, fencing, filter area, roof runoff control, underground outlet, access road, subsurface drainage and critical seeding.

Arthur Farm - Lycoming County - Heavy use area, fencing, roof runoff control, spring development, underground outlet, subsurface drainage, access road and critical seeding.

Fraley Farm - Lycoming County - Heavy use area, fencing, roof runoff control, underground outlet, filter area, access road and critical seeding.

Seymour Farm -Tioga County - Heavy use area, filter area, fencing, culvert, grassed waterway, diversion, roof runoff control, spring development, underground outlet, subsurface drainage, access road and critical seeding.

Chamberlain Farm - Tioga County -Heavy use area, fencing, filter area, roof runoff control, underground outlet, subsurface drainage, access road and critical seeding.

Weirbeck Farm -Tioga County - Heavy use area, fencing, roof runoff control, waste storage structure, filter area, underground outlet, subsurface drainage, access road and critical seeding.

Lee's Creek - Lackawanna County - Stream corridor restoration.

Mill Creek - Bradford County. Stream corridor restoration.

Teedyuskung Creek - Pike County - Stream corridor restoration.

Laning Creek - Bradford County - Stream corridor restoration.

Sechler's Run - Montour County - Stream corridor restoration.

Sawkill Run - Pike County - Stream corridor restoration.

Mahoning Creek - Montour County - Stream corridor restoration,

Muncy Creek - Lycoming County - Stream corridor restoration.

Rock Run - Lycoming County - Stream corridor restoration.

Site #15 - Northumberland County - Technical AMD design reviews.

Carbon Run - Northumberland County - Rock waterway.

Oneida Mine Tunnel - Luzerne County - AMD treatment system enhancements.

Whightman's Dam - Northumberland County - AMD passive treatment investigation.

Kovatch Wetland Site - Carbon County - Construction quality assurance for a wetland construction.

Mauck Chunk Lake County Park - Carbon County - Stormwater control.

Fishing Creek - Columbia County - Dry hydrant installation.

Hawk Mountain Bird Sanctuary - Schuylkill County - Erosion control improvements.

Summary

Through a grant to provide statewide engineering technical assistance, the Pennsylvania Association of Conservation Districts completed 134 individual environmental improvement projects for hundreds of Pennsylvania's local organizations and individuals. It is estimated that these projects involve 7.2 million dollars worth of improvements during the past two and one half years.