NUTRIENT MANAGEMENTAn idea that makes SenseA nutrient management plan will help a farmer get the maximum nutrient value out of manure. A farmer can save on fertilizer costs, reduce soil erosion, and at the same time, help protect water quality. Nutrient Management PlanningThe goal of nutrient managemnt is to provide crops with enough nutrients -- nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium -- to produce optimum yields, while attempting to prevent excess nutrient runoff from entering waterways. For years, many farmers did not understand the full nutrient value of manure. Farmers would spread manure and apply commercial fertilizers. The nutrient value of manure fertilizer alone would have adequately supplied crop needs. Those farmers believed if a little fertilizer is good, a lot is even better. Overapplication of fertilizers frequently caused nutrient overloads in nearby streams and groundwater contamination. Today's fermers are careful about buying only the amount of chemical fertilizer needed for a crop. However, many farmers still overlook the nutrient value of liqauid and solid wastes. A nutrient management plan will help a farmer get the maximum nutrient value out of manure. A farmer can save on fertilizer costs, reduce soil erosion, and at the same time, help protect water quality. Manure TestingThe nutrient value of manure can be determined by tests. Using manure and soil test results when developing a nutrient management plan may help reduce the need for chemical fertilizers. Many farmers have found that applying only the prescribed amount of fertilizer or manure needed by crops has helped to substantially reduce their fertilizer bills. A manure analysis is recommended each time a manure storage structure is emptied. After several analyses, a seasonal trend can usually be identified. Additional tests will be needed only when there is a major change in animal numbers, feeding or bedding practices. To assure efficient use of the manure, a review of current cropping practices and manure spreader calibrations are needed. Experts in the FieldBy working with technical experts, farmers can develop nutrient management plans which:
With the financial and technical supports provided through various state and federal programs, farmers can develop and implement sound nutrient management plans. Practices commonly found in nutrient management plans include:
Environmental IssuesManure is a valuable resource. It benefits plant growth, improves soil structure, and increases fertility. However if manure is handled improperly, water pollution may be the result. Responsible farmers who manage manure wisely gain its maximum benefits while protecting the environment. The Manure Management for Environmental Protection manual describes how environmental protection can be integrated into normal farming operations. The manueal provides guidelines that comply with the Department of Environmental Protection's (DEP) regulations concerning animal manure application, handling, and storage. A farmer who develops a nutrient management plan other than as presecibed in the Manure Management for Environmental Protection manual is required to obtain the DEP's approval or a water quality permit. Farmers who have not obtained a DEP permit may be in violation of state or federal pollution control laws. ResourcesFor nutrient management assistance, contact the following offices:
To obtain a copy of the Manure Management for Environmental Protection manual, contact a Pennsylvania DEP regional office.
A cooperative project between the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Chesapeake Bay Program and the Environmental Protection Agency Section 319 Program. |
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